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Top 7 commonly used medicines- Chemistry in daily life


Chemistry is also known as the  "Central Science " because of it's applications in various fields like Medicine , biology , physics , engineering , etc.

Modern chemistry plays an important roles in the field of medicine and pharmacy. Due to modern chemistry it became easier to resolve health related issues.

Let's see some most commonly used medicine in daily life of human beings.

1. Antiseptics

Antiseptics are the chemical substances use to  stop the growth of microorganisms on the wounds or cuts . They are either bacteriostatic(stop the growth of bacteria) or bactericidal(kills bacteria)  .  Chemicals like Boric Acid , Hydrogen Peroxide(about 3% concentration) and Iodine compounds are mostly used as antiseptic . 

2. Disinfectants

Disinfectants are the chemical substances used to kill microorganisms or stop their growth on non-living objects like table , chair . Phenol at high concentration of about 1-2 % is used as disinfectant  and at low concentration of about 0.1 % as antiseptics . Some more common examples are alcohol and Hydrogen Peroxide(high concentration)

3. Antibiotics

Antibiotics are the antimicrobial Substances used to kill bacteria or slow down their growth . Yes !!! You may be confused with antiseptic and antibiotics. The main difference is that antiseptics are applied to wounds or cuts whereas antibiotics are used as drug to kill bacteria within the body.
The first antibiotics obtain naturally from bacteria is " Penicillin ". Examples of antibiotics are amoxicillin , Ciprofloxacin , cefalexin , etc 


4. Antacids 

Antacids are the bases which are used to neutralize the excess hydrochloric Acid in the stomach . Sometime , due to some reasons ,concentration of hydrochloric Acid in the stomach increases . Due to this we feel irritation and burning in the stomach . To tackle this issue we need some base that can neutralize this acid . Bicarbonates of Sodium , Magnesium , Calcium and Aluminium are generally used as antacids to neutralize this acid 

5. Antihistamine

Antihistamine are the chemical substances used to reduce the hydrochloric acid in stomach by directly action on histamine receptor  , which is responsible for increasing the level of hydrochloric acid in the stomach . In antacids they act on symptoms but not the cause . But in case of antihistamines , they directly act on the cause and reduce chances of this in future.Benadryl is one the most common example of antihistamines.

6. Tranquilizer 

Tranquilizers are the Chemical Substances used to reduce anxiety and provide calmness (reduces disturbance in the brain).Due to decrease in the signal of certain neurotransmitters we feel anxiety .
Tranquilizers directly target the neurotransmitters like gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and trigger them to reduce certain signals  . Due to this we start feeling calm . Chemical like Valium , Chlordiazepoxide and Equanil are some examples of Tranquilizer

7. Anesthesia 

Anesthesia is Substances used to stop pain or temporary loss of sensation and awareness . This made work by interrupting the nerve singal of brain . It prevent your brain from processing pain during surgery or critical conditions. Barbiturates , propofol and ketamine are some commonly used medicine for anesthesia.

So , these are some most commonly used medicine in daily life as well as critical conditions.
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